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Stay toward the middle

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Icarus was the son of Daedalus, a genius and master architect. Both he and his son were imprisoned in the Labyrinth because Daedalus had helped Theseus kill the Minotaur. Although Daedalus himself had built the Labyrinth, he had done such a good job that even he could not find his way out. The only escape was up. So he constructed two pairs of wings from wax and feathers with which to fly to freedom.

Before they took flight, Daedalus cautioned his son to take the middle course. If he flew too low, his wings would get wet in the sea. If he flew too high, the sun would melt the wax. So stay in the middle.

But Icarus had been imprisoned for a long time. As soon as he was airborn, he exalted in his freedom and the thrill of flight. He soared higher and higher until he had gone too far. His wings melted and he tumbled into the sea where he drowned.

Originally, this tale was probably a warning to all children to obey their parents. But it has been interpreted and re-interpreted many times since. Here are a few examples:

Note particularly the "shocked starlings pumping past" and "wondrously tunneling into that hot eye". This poem is a response to W. B. Yeats' To a Friend Whose Work Has Come to Nothing.



Landscape With Icarus Falling by Brueghel

Icarus is in the lower right corner. The following poem describes this painting quite well.


One of my favorite connections with Icarus, though, is in Anne Shingleton's painting of Leda and the Swan which delighted Hannibal. Here's detail on the Swan.

Note the handles and straps on the wings much like Icarus would need.


In the film, Hannibal's letter to Clarice is sealed with wax and on his desk, as he is writing, are feathers or quills.

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